Beginning Prayers:
- शुक्लाम्बरधरं विष्णुम् - shuklaambaradharaM viShNum
- सरस्वति नमस्तुभ्यम् - saraswati namastubhyam
- गुरुर्ब्रह्मा गुरुर्विष्णुः - gururbrahmaa gururviShNuH
Topic Summary:
- verses 3 and 4
- sarva shabdaH
- sapta kakaara-s
Home Work:
- Practice vocabulary
Topic Details:
We were seeing 'what vaalmIki asked naarada'. It continues through the next few verses. It was a lot of questions alright :).चारित्रेण च को युक्तः सर्वभूतेषु को हितः ।
विद्वान् कः कः समर्थश्च कश्चैकप्रियदर्शनः ।३।
chaaritreNa cha ko yuktaH sarvabhUteShu ko hitaH |
vidvaan kaH kaH samarthashcha kashchaikapriyadarshanaH |3|
आत्मवान् को जितक्रोधो द्युतिमान् कोऽनसूयकः ।
कस्य बिभ्यति देवाश्च जातरोषस्य संयुगे ।४।
aatmavaan ko jitakrodho dyutimaan ko&nasUyakaH |
kasya bibhyati devaashcha jaataroShasya saMyuge |4|Now for the grammar aspect of the words -
सर्वाणि च भूतानि - सर्वभूतानि
तेषु सर्वभूतेषु - 7th case
आत्मः अस्ति इति आत्मवान् - control over the aatmaa (visheShaartha)
जितक्रोधः - won over anger
द्युतिमान् - lustre
अनसूयकः - without jealousy
The sarva shabda although is like the raama shabda, differs in certain vibhakti-s and vachana-s.
अकारान्तः पुंलिङ्गः सर्व शब्दः
विभक्तिः एकवचनम् द्विवचनम् बहुवचनम्
प्रथमा सर्वः सर्वौ सर्वे
सं.प्रथमा हे सर्व हे सर्वौ हे सर्वे
द्वितिया सर्वम् सर्वौ सर्वान्
तृतिया सर्वेण सर्वाभ्यां सर्वैः
चतुर्थी सर्वस्मै सर्वाभ्यां सर्वेभ्यः
पञ्चमी सर्वस्मात् सर्वाभ्यां सर्वेभ्यः
षष्ठी सर्वस्य सर्वयोः सर्वेषाम्
सप्तमी सर्वस्मिन् सर्वयोः सर्वेषु
The highlighted ones show where this shabdam differs from the raama shabda.
35 words that are derived like sarva shabda are considered as - सर्वादि गण
तत् शब्द is one of them. That includes सः and कः
Based on this, the ekavachana of the kaH shabda would be referred to as सप्त ककारs
They are - कः, किं, केन, कस्मै, कस्मात्, कस्य, कस्मिन् respectively. These are the seven question words that can be used.
कस्य बिभ्यति देवाश्च, जातरोषस्य संयुगे - literally means 'whose wrath generated in war, even the Gods are afraid of' ?!! Literally would make no sense. But as per the paaNini rule
* शेषे षष्ठीः (6th case can be used in any context!)
Hence, in this context, कस्य actually => कस्मात् (from whose). Now that makes sense!
Another popular example for this kind of usage is -
श्री कृत्ष्ण शरणं मम
सत्यं वाक्यं यस्य सः - सत्यवाक्यः
Although vaakyam is neuter gender, it becomes masculine in the samasta padam
न असूयः - नञ् तत्पुरुष
धर्मज्ञः - कृदन्त शब्दम्
बुद्दिमान् (मान्), but गुणवान् (वान्)
When do we use मान् and वान्?
Easiest way to remember अकारान्त words get विन्-प्रत्यय (वान्). There are exceptions, but an easy rule to follow for now.
Revisit the तुमुन्/क्त्वा/ल्यप् प्रत्ययs in Lesson 62. (click here)
Until next lesson, happy practicing.
Ending prayer:
- ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदम् - om pUrNamadaH pUrNamidam
Very useful information...Please explain in detail the avagraha symbol and how it is pronounced.
ReplyDeleteऽ (avagraha chinham) is a place holder to extend the pronunciation of the previous vowel for one extra maatraa kaalam. It is generally used to extend the already long (deergha) swara-s (ex - ए ऐ ओ औ) into the 3rd maatraa kaalam.
Delete