Lesson 73

Beginning Prayers:

• शुक्लाम्बरधरं विष्णुम् - shuklaambaradharaM viShNum
• सरस्वति नमस्तुभ्यम् - saraswati namastubhyam 
• गुरुर्ब्रह्मा गुरुर्विष्णुः - gururbrahmaa gururviShNuH 

Topic Summary:

• Extension of the vibhakti knowledge

Home Work:

• Identify the vibhakti-s and the meaning of the two verses given below (no peeking at the answer key :).

Topic Details:

To make further learning easier, it is essential to have a firm grip over vibhakti viShaya.  Else, depicting the meaning of verses, will have no meaning :).

Click here for raama shabda

Learning the raama shabda will make case analysis much easier!  The below table will aid in better understanding of the pratyaya-s (suffixes) that get added on to the praatipadikam (the root word), in order to get the vibhakti-s (words with case incorporated in them).

Click here for the pratyaya chart, as well as their rough English/Kannada equivalents :)

All vibhakti-s can have a direct association with the verb in the sentence, except the 6th case.  The 6th case refers to a praatipadikam in some other case!  Example sentence -

रामः ओदनं पात्रेण पुत्राय स्नेहात् गृहे ददाति।

raamaH odanaM paatreNa putraaya snehaat gRuhe dadaati| 

1st case - रामः = raama --> Subject

2nd case - ओदनं = rice --> Object

3rd case - पात्रेण = with a vessel --> Instrumental

4th case - पुत्राय = for the son --> Dative

5th case - स्नेहात् = from (out of) love --> Ablative

7th case - गृहे = in the house --> Locative

ददाति = gives --> Verb

6th case can never be associated to the verb directly.  It would refer to a noun in a different vibhakti.  For example, it could be -
लक्ष्मणस्य गृहे - in lakShmaNa's house
भरतस्य पुत्राय - for bharata's son
शतृघ्नस्य पात्रेण - with shatRughna's vessel

6th case is Genetive, it show's belonging-ness.  

Sambodhanaa. 1st case is Vocative.  It is used to address the subject.

Below are two verses that use ALL the vibhakti-s in their ekavachana form!

1. 

रामो राजमणिः सदा विजयते रामं रमेशं भजे 

रामेण अभिहता निशाचरचमूः रामाय तस्मै नमः ।

रामात् नास्ति परायणं परतरं रामस्य दासोऽस्म्यहम् 

रामे चित्तलयः सदा भवतु मे भो राम मामुद्धर ॥

raamo raajamaNiH sadaa vijayate raamaM rameshaM bhaje 

raameNa abhihataa nishaacharachamUH raamaaya tasmai namaH |

raamaat naasti paraayaNaM parataraM raamasya daaso.smyaham 

raame chittalayaH sadaa bhavatu me bho raama maamuddhara ||

2.

कृष्णो रक्षतु नो जगत्रयगुरुः कृष्णं नमस्याम्यहम् 

कृष्णेन अमर-शत्रवो विनिहताः कृष्णाय तस्मै नमः । 

कृष्णात् एव समुत्थितं जगदिदं कृष्णस्य दासोऽस्म्यहम् 

कृष्णे तिष्ठति सर्वमेतदखिलं हे कृष्ण रक्षस्व माम् ॥

kRuShNo rakShatu no jagatrayaguruH kRuShNaM namasyaamyaham 

kRuShNena amara-shatravo vinihataaH kRuShNaaya tasmai namaH | 

kRuShNaat eva samutthitaM jagadidaM kRuShNasya daaso.smyaham 

kRuShNe tiShThati sarvametadakhilaM he kRuShNa rakShasva maam ||

Answer key:
1.
Victory to raama, the best of the kings.  I worship raama, the Lord of sItaa.  Armies of the demons were killed by raama.  Salutations to the raama.  There is no better resort than raama.  I am a servant of raama.  May my mind be absorbed in raama.  Oh! raama, protect me.

2.
May kRuShNa, the teacher of the three worlds protect us.  I salute kRuShNa.  the demons who are enemies of Gods are killed by kRuShNa.  Salutations to that kRuShNa.  This world has sprung from kRuShNa alone.  I am the servant of kRuShNa.  All this entirely stayes in kRuShNa.  Oh! kRuShNa, save me!

Until next lesson, happy practicing.

Ending prayer:

•  ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदम् - om pUrNamadaH pUrNamidam

_____________________________________________