Lesson 3

Beginning Prayers:

• शुक्लाम्बरधरं विष्णुम् - shuklaambaradharaM viShNum
• सरस्वति नमस्तुभ्यम् - saraswati namastubhyam 
• गुरुर्ब्रह्मा गुरुर्विष्णुः - gururbrahmaa gururviShNuH 

Topic Summary:

• Understanding swara-yukta vyanjana-s
• Basic verbs
  

Home Work:

• Practice writing स्वरयुक्त व्यञ्जन-s (swara-yukta vyanjana-s) from क् to ण् 

Topic Details:

With the knowledge of the set of alphabet, the next step is to learn making syllables out of them.  A syllable can be made with a combination of vyanjana-s  and swara-s.

When consonants are joined with vowels, they make swara-yukta vyanjana-s (literally meaning, vyanjana in union with a swara).  It is like a simple math equation that can be shown as below -

क् + अ = क
व् + अ = व
ल् + अ = ल

क् + उ = कु
व् + उ = वु
ल् + उ = लु

क् + ओ = को
व् + ओ = वो
ल् + ओ = लो

Note that when we write the vyanjana-s in the alphabet, they are already combined with the first of the swara-s, अ, for the ease of pronunciation.  All the combinations can be seen in the swarayukta vyanjana-s list.  This helps in making syllables easily.  Next lesson, we shall see how consonants can be combined with consonants, to make complex syllables!

With the knowledge of alphabet learnt so far, we shall see some very basic verb forms.  The verbs are derived from a root.  The 'root verb' is called a धातु (dhaatu).  The verbs do not change forms based on the gender but change their ending suffix based on the first/second/third person.  So also, the singular and plural.  'Dual' is a special number in Sanskrit.  We shall see that as we go.


The verbs for third person, singular, end with -ति

Check the verb list for examples.

We shall see the first and second person verbs in the next lesson.

Ending prayer:

•  ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदम् - aum pUrNamadaH pUrNamidam

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