________________________________________________________________________________

10/29/09

vibhakti pratyaya-s

The suffixes that get added on to the praatipadikam are as follows.  (the words undergo changes as per the many different paaNinian rules though.)

विभक्तिः
एकवचनम्
द्विवचनम्
बहुवचनम्
प्रथमा
सु
जस्
सं.प्रथमा



द्वितिया
अम्
अस्
तृतिया
भ्याम्
भिस्
चतुर्थी
भ्याम्
भ्यस्
पञ्चमी
अस्
भ्याम्
भ्यस्
षष्ठी
अस्
ओस् 
 आम्
सप्तमी 
ओस् 
 सु

vibhaktiH
ekavachanam
dwivachanam
bahuvachanam
prathamaa
su
au
jas
saM.prathamaa
dwitiyaa
am
au
as
tRutiyaa
aa
bhyaam
bhis
chaturthI
e
bhyaam
bhyas
pa~nchamI
as
bhyaam
bhyas
ShaShThI
as
os
aam
saptamI
i
os
su

Their English/kannada equivalents could be roughly (NOT precisely) written as below

विभक्तिः
Case
In English
ಕನ್ನಡದಲ್ಲಿ
प्रथमा
Nominative
Subject
सं.प्रथमा
Vocative
Vocative
ಸಂಬೋಧನೆ
द्वितिया
Accusative
to, Object
ಅನ್ನು
तृतिया
Instrumental
with, by
ಇಂದ
चतुर्थी
Dative
for
ಗೆ, ಕೆ, ಗೊಸ್ಕರ
पञ्चमी
Ablative
from, than
ದೆಸೆಯಿಂದ
षष्ठी
Genitive (or) Possessive 
Of, ‘s
सप्तमी
Locative
in, on
ಅಲ್ಲಿ


3 comments:

  1. Hi, I am trying to learn Sanskrit (only two classes old now ;-). I have a question. For prathama vibhakthi, eka-vachanam, rama shabdaha, how does adding suffix 'su', result in 'raama' becoming 'raama:" (or "raamaha')?

    Have similar queries about other suffixes such as "jas" etc.

    Do I have to just memorize them or is there some method to arrive at it?

    ReplyDelete
  2. Unnikrishnan Variyath5/1/18, 2:31 AM

    Rama + su
    In su, u which is an ith disappears, so, Rama + s or Ramma + visarga, i.e., ramah

    ReplyDelete
  3. Unnikrishnan Variyath5/1/18, 2:35 AM

    There are rules for using vibhakthi pratyayas in Ashtadhyayi. You can find them also in Siddhanta kaumudi or Laghusiddhanta kaumudi.

    ReplyDelete