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11/24/13

Lesson 59

Beginning Prayers:
  • शुक्लाम्बरधरं विष्णुम् - shuklaambaradharaM viShNum
  • सरस्वति नमस्तुभ्यम् - saraswati namastubhyam 
  • गुरुर्ब्रह्मा गुरुर्विष्णुः - gururbrahmaa gururviShNuH 
Topic Summary:
  • visarga sandhi
Home Work:
  • Find 3 shlokas with examples of visarga sandhi
Topic Details:
The visarga sandhi has many variations and needs to be established with more examples -
Click here for detailed variations of visarga sandhi.

पतिः + अयम्
पतिरयम्

नमः + तिरुमलेश
नमस्तिरुमलेश

अर्जुनः + उवाच
अर्जुन उवाच

समः + स्थितिः
समस्स्थितिः

गुरुः + ब्रह्म
गुरुर्ब्रह्म

गजः + चलति
गजश्चलति

रात्रिः + रात्रिः
रात्रीरातिः

स्वस्तिः + अस्तु
स्वस्तिरस्तु

चतुरः + भीमः
चतुरो भीमः

patiH + ayam
patirayam

namaH + tirumalesha
namastirumalesha

arjunaH + uvaacha
arjuna uvaacha

samaH + sthitiH
samassthitiH

guruH + brahma
gururbrahma

gajaH + chalati
gajashchalati

raatriH + raatriH
raatrIraatiH

swastiH + astu
swastirastu

chaturaH + bhImaH
chaturo bhImaH

Happy practicing and finding more new examples.

Ending prayer:
  •  ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदम् - om pUrNamadaH pUrNamidam
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11/17/13

Lesson 58

Beginning Prayers:
  • शुक्लाम्बरधरं विष्णुम् - shuklaambaradharaM viShNum
  • सरस्वति नमस्तुभ्यम् - saraswati namastubhyam 
  • गुरुर्ब्रह्मा गुरुर्विष्णुः - gururbrahmaa gururviShNuH 
Topic Summary:
  • Verbs - future tense
  • visarga sandhi
Home Work:
  • Write 10 examples of visarga sandhi
Topic Details:
Building on the future tense verbs, let's see one more example -
रात्रिर्गमिष्यति भविष्यति सुप्रभातम्
भास्वानुदेष्यति हसिष्यति पङ्कजश्रीः ।
इत्थं विचिन्तयति कोशगते द्विरेफे
हा हन्त हन्त नलिनीं गज उज्जहार ॥
- कुवलयानन्द

raatrirgamiShyati bhaviShyati suprabhaatam
bhaaswaanudeShyati hasiShyati pa~nkajashrIH |
itthaM vichintayati koshagate dvirephe
haa hanta hanta nalinIM gaja ujjahaara ||
- kuvalayaananda

Meaning of the subhaaShita:
"The night shall pass, dawn shall arrive, sun shall rise and the lotus shall bloom" - even as the bee, stuck in the lotus bud, was thinking; alas, alas, an elephant uprooted the lotus!!

Exposition:
Timing is everything... or... destiny has the final say!  This is the story of a busy little bee, who, was anxious to get the last sip of nectar before the fall of the day.  He hovered over a lotus and settled down for the sip.  But since it was almost dusk, the lotus closed its petals to rest for the day and the bee got stuck inside the petals.  There was no way it could get out from the grasp of the tender petals of the closed lotus!  So, the bee consoled itself thus, "the night shall pass, daybreak shall arrive, the sun shall rise and the lotus shall bloom...", so that when the flower opened the petals, it could fly away.  But alas, what luck!  Even as the bee was thinking thus, a rut elephant uprooted the closed lotus bud!!  Now that it wasn't rooted anymore, neither the rise of the sun nor the midday scorch can make a difference.  The bud shall never ever open again, hence trapping the bee inside, to draw its last breath :(.

Like they say, 'it is in your moments of decision, your destiny is shaped'!  Perhaps, the outcome would have been different if the bee had judged the time of the day better.  Perhaps, the bee would have been spared if he wasn't greedy for a one more sip.  Perhaps the consequence would have been different if the bee was swift enough to fly out when the bud was closing up.... perhaps... perhaps... But these can only be speculations.

Many a times in life, one would never know what would have happened  if only he made his choices differently.  Or perhaps, it is the choices, not chances, that determine one's destiny?!!  It is probably for oneself to decide...

pada vigrahaH:
रात्रिः गमिष्यति भविष्यति सुप्रभातम्
raatriH gamiShyati bhaviShyati suprabhaatam

भास्वान् उदेष्यति हसिष्यति पङ्कजश्रीः ।
bhaaswaan udeShyati hasiShyati pa~nkajashrIH |

इत्थं विचिन्तयति कोश-गते द्विरेफे
itthaM vichintayati kosha-gate dvirephe

हा हन्त हन्त नलिनीं गज उज्जहार ॥
haa hanta hanta nalinIM gaja ujjahaara ||

Due to the constant differences in the pronunciation, as well as, transformation of the visarga in many verses, it is a good time to revisit the whole concept of visarga sandhi.  For the complete exposition of the different cases of visarga sandhi, click here, for it needs to be archived under it's own heading for future reference :).

Happy practicing.

Ending prayer:
  •  ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदम् - om pUrNamadaH pUrNamidam
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11/10/13

Lesson 57

Beginning Prayers:
  • शुक्लाम्बरधरं विष्णुम् - shuklaambaradharaM viShNum
  • सरस्वति नमस्तुभ्यम् - saraswati namastubhyam 
  • गुरुर्ब्रह्मा गुरुर्विष्णुः - gururbrahmaa gururviShNuH 
Topic Summary:
  • Verbs in present tense and future tense
Home Work:
  • Find a verse with future tense verb/verbs
Topic Details:
Once the verb forms are learnt, now comes the part of learning all the different tenses.  Future tense (lRuT lakaara), being the easiest 2nd group.  Just by adding 'इष्य' (iShya), between the dhaatu (verb root) and the verb ending, one can create the matrix for future tense!  To establish that further, below are some examples -

भवति becomes भविष्यति
पठति becomes पठिष्यति
हसति becomes हसिष्यति
क्रीडति becomes क्रीडिष्यति
खादति becomes खादिष्यति
अटति becomes अटिष्यति

Rest of the person and numbers follow the same pattern and generate the following matrix -
पठ् धातु, लृट् लकार रूपाणि
पुरुष
एकवचनम्
द्विवचनम्
बहुवचनम्
प्रथम
पठिष्यति
पठिष्यतः
पठिष्यन्ति
मध्यम
पठिष्यसि
पठिष्यथः
पठिष्यथ
उत्तम
पठिष्यामि
पठिष्यावः
पठिष्यामः     
                       
paTh dhaatu, lRuT lakaara rUpaaNi
puruSha
Ekavachanam
dwivachanam
bahuvachanam
prathama
paThiShyati
paThiShyataH
paThiShyanti
madhyama
paThiShyasi
paThiShyathaH
paThiShyatha
uttama
paThiShyaami
paThiShyaavaH
paThiShyaamaH


Let's see the usage of one such future tense lRuT lakaara word in a verse :

मर्कटस्य सुरापानं मध्ये वृश्चिक दम्शनम्
तन्मध्ये भूतसञ्चारो यद्वा तद्वा भविष्यति
- समयोचितपद्यमालिका

markaTasya suraapaanaM madhye vRushchika damshanam
tanmadhye bhUtasa~nchaaro yadvaa tadvaa bhaviShyati
- samayochitapadyamaalikaa

Meaning of the subhAShita:
A monkey who is drunk, in between stung by a scorpion, amidst all this invaded by ghosts - anything can happen!

Exposition:
To begin with, he is a monkey. Then he is given alcohol to make him tipsy. (Like he needs alcohol to get jumpy :). On top of it, he gets stung by a scorpion. As if these were not sufficient, there is an invasion of ghosts!! What can be expected but catastrophic chaos!!! No one can predict the outcome of such a situation and it will be different each time too!

This is a satire on the mind. The mind is very unstable already. What if it is provided with an ambiance to splurge on all of its whims and fancies? On top of it, it is provided with the means to fulfill them and no hurdles anywhere! Nobody to ask nor to question! What will be the outcome of such an individual. Just as the verse says, 'totally unpredictable' :).

Put a saddle on the mind and direct it in the right direction. Don't let it run wild and then repent when situations get out of hand.

pada vigrahaH:
मर्कटस्य सुरापानं मध्ये वृश्चिक दम्शनम्
markaTasya suraapaanaM madhye vRushchika damshanam

तत् मध्ये भूतसञ्चारः यत् वा तत् वा भविष्यति
tat madhye bhUtasa~nchaaraH yat vaa tat vaa bhaviShyati

Funny scenario, isn't it :).  Now, happy practicing - samskRutam that is, not getting tipsy ;).

Ending prayer:
  •  ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदम् - om pUrNamadaH pUrNamidam
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