Lesson 40

Beginning Prayers:

• शुक्लाम्बरधरं विष्णुम् - shuklaambaradharaM viShNum
• सरस्वति नमस्तुभ्यम् - saraswati namastubhyam 
• गुरुर्ब्रह्मा गुरुर्विष्णुः - gururbrahmaa gururviShNuH 

Topic Summary:

• Examples of 'matup' pratyayaantas (hanumaan, buddhimaan, shrImaan)
• Examples of 'savarNa-dIrgha sandhi'
• visarga uchChaaraNam
• More vocabulary

Home Work:

• Write the story of the thirsty crow in your own words.

Topic Details:

Continued the story of the 'thirsty crow' from the book 'kalikaa'.  In the due course, dealt with a few rules of vyaakaraNam.

1. matup pratyayaantas -

Words like

हनुमान् (hanumaan)
श्रीमान् (shrImaan)
बुद्धिमान् (buddhimaan)
विद्यावान् (vidyaavaan)

are examples.  They denote meanings as 'one who has ___'.  (chin, wealth, intellect, knowledge, respectively in the above words.)

2. savarNa-dIrgha sandhi
When the ending swara of a word faces the same swara at the beginning of the next word, they together become the long form of that particular swara.

Ex:

न + अस्ति = नास्ति
न्+अ + अ = ना

कुत्र + अपि = कुत्रापि
त्+र्+अ + अ = त्रा

कपि + ईश = कपीश
प्+इ + ई = पी

na + asti = naasti
n+a + a = naa

kutra + api = kutraapi
t+r+a + a = traa

kapi + Isha = kapIsha
p+i + I = pI

3.  Some visarga pronunciation rules

a.  When a visarga faces a 'ka-varga' or 'pa-varga' consonant, it is pronounced as a half aspirant
रामः करोति  is pronounced as रामह्-करोति
रामः पश्यति is pronounced as रामह्-पश्यति

raamaH karoti  is pronounced as raamah-karoti
raamaH pashyati is pronounced as raamah-pashyati

b. When a visarga faces a 'sa', it becomes a 's'.  When it faces a 'sha' it becomes a 'sh'.

रामः सखः is pronounced as रामस्सखः
रामः शेते is pronounced as रामश्शेते

raamaH sakhaH is pronounced as raamassakhaH
raamaH shete is pronounced as raamashshete

c.  When a visarga faces a 'kSha', it shall remain as a full visarga and HAS to be pronounced fully.
रामः क्षमी is pronounced as रामह क्षमी

raamaH kShamI is pronounced as raamaha kShamI

That is a lot of rules to remember!  Until next lesson, happy practicing!

Ending prayer:

•  ॐ पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदम् - aum pUrNamadaH pUrNamidam

____________________________________________________